CultureEssayHistoryIdiomJapanese traditionKanjiUncorrected

Haisui no Jin (背水の陣 – Burning One’s Boats)

  • Haisui no Jin

    背水の陣


    When one is in a critical situation where they cannot step back and face challenges with a do-or-die resolve, it is described as haisui no jin (背水の陣).
    一歩も退くことのできない危機的な状況に身をおいて、決死の覚悟で物事に取り組むことを、「背水の陣」と言います。

    Since hai (背) means “back,” sui (水) means “water,” and jin (陣) means “formation,” the literal meaning of haisui no jin is “formation with one’s back to the water.”
    「背」は “back”、「水」は “water”、「陣」は “formation” を意味するので、「背水の陣」の文字どおりの意味は “formation with one’s back to the water” となります。

    This idiom originates from a biography contained in Shiki (史記 – “Records of the Grand Historian”).
    この慣用句は、中国の歴史書「史記」に含まれる伝記に由来します。

    When the warlord Han Xin battled the army of Zhao, he positioned his soldiers with their backs to the river.
    武将の韓信は、趙の軍と戦ったときに、川を背にして自軍の陣を敷きました。

    By placing them in such a situation where they could not step back, the soldiers fought with determination and won.
    このように一歩も退けない状況を作り出すことで、決死の覚悟で戦わせ、見事勝利したそうです。

    Original sentence